Submissions

Authors should not submit the same manuscript in the same language simultaneously to more than one journal. The rationale for this standard is the potential for disagreement when two (or more) journals claim the right to publish a manuscript that has been submitted simultaneously to more than one journal, and the possibility that two or more journals will unknowingly and unnecessarily undertake the work of peer review, edit the same manuscript, and publish the same research paper.

• Preparing or manipulating data and results, intellectual property theft, and plagiarism are highly unacceptable, as it is beyond the ethics of an author. Information obtained from various media can be provided in the manuscript only with prior permission from the owner of the source of information or data.
• Authors and co-authors are requested to review and ensure the accuracy and validity of all the results prior to submission. Any potential conflict of interest should be informed to the editor well in advance.
• All authors are requested to submit the Author Declaration Form while submitting the manuscript and the Licence to Publish Agreement without failure once they receive the acceptance of their research paper for publication.
• Sharing with public media, government agencies, or manufacturers the scientific information described in a paper or a letter to the editor that has been accepted but not yet published violates the policy of our journals.
• Authors should declare that all work in their submitted paper is original, and cite content from other sources appropriately to avoid plagiarism.
• Authors must ensure their contribution does not contain any defamatory matter or infringe any copyright or other intellectual property rights or any other rights of any third party.
• Authors should ensure that their manuscript, as submitted, is not under consideration (or accepted for publication) elsewhere. Where sections of the manuscript overlap with published or submitted content, this should be acknowledged and cited. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work. Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given.
• Authors should declare any potential conflicts of interest relating to a specific research paper. Authors should inform the editor or publisher if there is a significant error in their published piece, and work with the editor to publish an erratum, addendum, or retraction where necessary.

In accordance with the position statement of the Committee on Publication Ethics, the EJET publisher's policy concerning artificial intelligence (AI) tools and large language models such as ChatGPT is as follows:

• An AI tool cannot be listed as an author of a paper, as it is not a legal entity.
• Authors who use AI tools in the writing of a manuscript, production of images or graphical elements, or collection and analysis of data must disclose this use in the Methods or Acknowledgments section of the paper.
• This disclosure must transparently and specifically state how the AI tool was used, which tool was used, and which sections of the paper are affected. Authors are fully responsible for the content of their manuscripts, even the parts produced by an AI tool, and are therefore liable for any breach of publication ethics and for any inaccuracies.

This Journal is an open-access journal and does not charge readers or their institutions for access to the journal articles. The open access supports the rights of users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, provided they are properly acknowledged and cited. There is no article processing fee charged to the authors, and all articles are immediately available on the journal website once published. Permitted reuse is defined by the following user license: Creative Commons Attribution-4.0. The authors retain the copyright in addition to the scholarly usage rights and the EJET publishers receive the publication and distribution rights.

Correction: The journal will publish a correction if the scholarly record is seriously affected (e.g., if accuracy/intended meaning, scientific reproducibility, author reputation, or journal reputation is judged to be compromised). Corrections that do not affect the contribution materially or significantly alter the reader's understanding of the contribution, such as misspellings or grammatical errors, will not be published. When a correction is published, it will link to and from the work. The correction will be added to the original work so that readers will receive the original work and the correction. All corrections will be as concise as possible.

Retraction: The journal reserves the right to retract items. Retractions will occur if the editors and editorial board find that the main conclusion of the work is undermined or if subsequent information about the work comes to light, of which the authors or the editors were not aware at the time of publication. Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submissions, inaccurate claims of authorship, plagiarism, and fraudulent use of data, will also result in the retraction of the work.

Removal: Some circumstances may necessitate the removal of a work from the journal. This will occur when the article is judged by the editors and editorial board to be defamatory, if it infringes on legal rights, or if there is a reasonable expectation that it will be subject to a court order. The bibliographic information about the work will be retained online, but the work will no longer be available on the journal website. A note will be added to indicate that the item was removed for legal reasons.

The journal is committed to supporting requests for author name changes and/or pronoun changes, with as few barriers as possible. Name changes and/or pronoun changes are available to authors upon request, with no legal documentation required. Upon receiving a name change request, the journal will update all metadata, published content, and associated records under our control to reflect the requested name change. Authors who wish to update or change their name should contact ejet@hu.edu.et. Requests will be treated with respect and confidentiality, and addressed as quickly as possible.

Name Change Policy

The journal is committed to supporting requests for author name changes and/or pronoun changes, with as few barriers as possible. Name changes and/or pronoun changes are available to authors upon request, with no legal documentation required. Upon receiving a name change request, the journal will update all metadata, published content, and associated records under our control to reflect the requested name change. Authors who wish to update or change their name should contact ejet@hu.edu.et. Requests will be treated with respect and confidentiality, and addressed as quickly as possible.

Manuscript Preparation Guidelines

Article Structure: Please ensure your submission meets the recommended word limits. A short, concise article is more likely to attract readers. In general, a research article should contain:

• Figures: 6-8
• Tables: 1-3
• References: 25-50

Additional figures and tables may be added to the Supplementary Material. Papers should be well structured; they must comprise:

• Title / Short title of no more than 80 characters.
• Author name(s), full email addresses for each author. Please indicate who the corresponding author is.
• Abstract: No more than 200 words briefly specifying the aims of the work, the main results obtained, and the conclusions drawn. Citations must not be included in the Abstract.
• Keywords: Up to 6 keywords (in alphabetical order) which will enable subsequent abstracting or information retrieval systems to locate the paper.
• Main text: For clarity, subdivided into:
  • Introduction: Describing the background of the work and its aims.
  • Methods: A brief description of the methods/techniques used (principles need not be described if references are available).
  • Results and Discussion: Clear presentation of results. Results and discussion can be separate sections if needed.
  • Conclusions: Significance and implications of the work.
  • References: Ensure all work cited in text is included in the reference list. Dates and authors must match.
  • Supplementary Material: Appendices or other supplementary material published online only.
  • Data: Authors encouraged to make datasets publicly available as supplementary materials or via URLs.
  • Review Papers: Must include in-depth critical discussion beyond literature summary.

Nomenclature and Units: All terminology and notation used will be widely understood. Abbreviations should be spelled out at first occurrence. SI units are recommended; provide equivalents for non-SI units. Spellings: 'litre' and 'metre'.

Artwork: Figures should be numbered, described in text, positioned near first citation, with captions in the text.

Tables: Insert at end of manuscript. Must be in editable formats (Word, Excel); JPEG/TIFF not accepted.

Language: Grammatically correct English required. Seek professional translation help if necessary.

References

Citations in text:

1. Use surname and year: Jones (2002). Use initials only to distinguish duplicate authors/years.
2. Multiple years cited in ascending order, same author differentiated by letters: Brown (1999, 2002, 2003a, b).
3. Different references together in date order: (Smith 1959; Thomson & Jones 2008; Green 2015).
4. Accepted but not published: use "(in press)".
5. Submitted but not accepted: use "(submitted)".
6. In preparation: use "(in preparation)".
7. "et al." for more than two co-authors in text.

Reference links should include DOI where available. References listed alphabetically. All authors in reference list, even if "et al." used in text.

Reference Styles

• Journal articles: Author, A., Author, B., Author, C., et al. (2019). Title. Jour. Tit. 2(2), 121–127.
• Conference Paper: Author, A., Author, B., Author, C., et al. (2008). Title. Proc. Int. Conf. Systems, City, Country, May 2008, pp. 121–127.
• Book/Book chapter: Author, A. & Author, B. (2004). Chapter title, in Editor, A. (Ed.): Book title, pp. 121–127. Cambridge, MA: XYZ Press.
• Websites: Article title, http://www.bohrpub.com/journals/IJRNLC.html, accessed 27 November 2014.
• Thesis: Author, A. (2005). Title of thesis. PhD thesis, XYZ University.

References in other languages: Provide English translation of title.

Identifying Products

Provide product name, producer, city, country: e.g., "Discovery St PET/CT scanner (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI, USA)".

Supplementary Materials

Include audio files, videos, datasets, appendices, figures, tables. Submitted after reference list with concise descriptions.

Author Contributions

Identify contributions using CRediT taxonomy. Categories include Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data Curation, Writing - Original Draft, Writing - Review & Editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition, Other. Corresponding author ensures accuracy and agreement.

Acknowledgments

Include individuals or companies assisting your study. If none: “The authors have no acknowledgments to report.”

Funding

Include all funding sources. If none: “The authors have no funding to report.”

Conflict of Interest

Disclose affiliations, financial involvement, consultancies, stock ownership, royalties, patents, expert testimony, grants, or any support that may influence findings. Editorial board members must declare their role if applicable. If none: “The authors have no conflict of interest to report.”

Data Availability Statement

Authors must provide a statement on data availability. Options:

• The data that support the findings are openly available.
• The data will be made available following a delay.
• The data are available upon request from the authors.
• Data are included within the article.
• No new data were created or analysed in this study.

Cite data with DOI including author(s), title, publisher, and DOI.

Diversity & Inclusivity

Use inclusive language recognizing differences among individuals. Avoid bias, clichés, slang, or assumptions of dominant culture. Use plural nouns for gender neutrality where feasible. Include personal characteristics (age, gender, culture, etc.) only if relevant.